A Brief Note On Economic And Financial Stressors - 1356 Words

D. Economic and Financial Stressors One of the many reasons why people work is to make money. As the cost of living increases, people need to keep up with their earning. Since it is not always possible to keep earning more through promotion, people decide to get second or third jobs in their free time to make extra money to support their life and family. Even though making extra money is beneficial to everyone, people give up on their free time, take more responsibility, and spend more energy. As a result, their stress level increases exponentially. In order to earn more money in the short term, people end up getting more stressed because it is accumulated in the long term (Matteson Ivanceivch, 1987, 40). E. Situational Constraints Situational constraints occur when an employee`s environment inhibits him/her from performing properly. Important support personnel are usually fired first in case of budget cuts. Even though their job may seem unimportant at first, they are crucial to the workplace. For instance, there could be many information available for a person to finish his/her job; however, having a technical difficulty and not having anyone to fix this issue would cause time loss. Another example is inadequate training. If an employee does not receive a proper training, he/she will automatically be constrained because of lack of knowledge or skills. Furthermore, the poorly trained employee will seek out for help all the time and other people will get involved in theShow MoreRelatedChildhood Illness : A Look At Postpartum Depression1538 Words   |  7 Pages INTRODUCTION Sandra was a 26 year old mother of four children who had been married for eight years. She had given birth to her fourth child two months ago, with the help of a midwife. Due to her husband’s recent pay cut, and already difficult financial situation, Sandra did not receive any antenatal or postnatal care. About a month after birth she felt normal. However, she soon began to exhibit unusual behavior including losing interest in her daily activities, spending most of the day alone withoutRead MoreInternational Student Stress6675 Words   |  27 PagesStudents Ranjita Misra and Linda G. Castillo Texas AM University This study compared academic stressors and reactions to stressors between American and international students using Gadzella’s Life Stress Inventory (B. M. Gadzella, 1991). Five categories of academic stressors (i.e., frustrations, conflicts, pressures, changes, and self-imposed) and four categories describing reactions to these stressors (i.e., physiological, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive) were examined. The sample consistedRead MoreCanadian Alliance on Mental Illness and Mental Health2296 Words   |  9 Pagesof current literature on achievement ideology, career aspirations, stressors, coping strategies, and social networks will be conducted to identify any gaps. Second, the findings from the interview will be discussed, analyzed, and applied to sociological theory. Third, a discussion of methodological strategy will be held to address the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research methods. Before closing, there will be a brief discussion of future steps reg arding the topic of mental health andRead Moreeffect of stress on students academic performance6787 Words   |  28 Pagesgeneral adaptation syndrome (GAS). Selye stated that in response to some external stressor we first react by mobilizing our physical resources to deal with or escape from the stressor, Selye called this the ‘alarm stage. The second stage, called ‘resistance, involves ways of coping with the alarm stage by trying to reverse it. Thirdly, the stage of ‘exhaustion occurs if an individual is repeatedly exposed to the stressor and is unable to escape.   As historians of psychology would be quick to pointRead MorePerceived Stress Levels and Stress Management Among Paramedical Students Lyceum of the Philippines University: Towards Stress Management Enhancement15005 Words   |  61 Pagesnew social environment. College students, regardless of year in school, often deal with pressures related to finding a job or a potential life partner. These stressors do not cause anxiety or tension by themselves. Instead, stress results from the interaction between stressors and the individuals perception and reaction to those stressors. The amount of stress experienced may be influenced by the individuals ability to effectively cope with stressful events and situations. If stress is not dealtRead MoreProject on Stress Management9684 Words   |  39 Pagescontrol one has on one’s emotions. Stressors Stress is not caused by any external factor. Oneself creates it, by the way one thinks about the external factors. Yet there are situations, in which most people tend to get stressed. These are called stressors. In personal life, death of a close relative is a stressor. An important test in life, like a final examination; a transfer of residence; separation due to marriage, divorce or change of job; difficult financial demands; serious illness; likelihoodRead MoreStudent Unrest in Nigerian Universities4126 Words   |  17 Pagesopinion in favour of Africa freedom. Similarly, Ajuluchukwu 1962 (as cited in Onwuejeogwu, 1991) note that from the inception, the National Union of Nigerian Students (NUNS) embarked upon deliberate campaigns of fostering national consciousness and inspiring a strong sense of militancy in the Nigerian people’s liberation struggle (Aluede, 1995; Babatope, 1974). Babatope (1974) and Onwuejeogwu (1991) note that the students’ union was born and nur tured in the womb of colonial protest. Hence student unionismRead MorePsy 410 Week 2 and 3 Matrix of Disorders7746 Words   |  31 PagesPhobia (e.g., on exposure  to a specific phobic situation), Obsessive-Compulsive  Disorder (e.g., on exposure to dirt in someone with an obsession  about contamination), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (e.g.,  in response to stimuli associated with a severe stressor), or  Separation Anxiety Disorder (e.g., in response to being away  from home or close relatives).(APA, 2000) | Lifetime Estimated Prevalence of Anxiety disorders in the population:PD = 1-2% population  (Hansell amp; Damour, 2008) | 3. Phobias | ARead MoreNurse Culture Assessment Essay examples5446 Words   |  22 Pagesanswers collected by the author per Mrs. P. Reassuring the confidentiality of the client’s interview, utilization of the cultural heritage assessment tool enabled the author to gather, classify, and analyze the culture of an American Hindu Indian. Brief History of Ethnic and/or Racial Origins The client evaluated by the author was a 35 year old female named Mrs. P who lives in Poway, California. The immediate family composition consists of a wife and a husband who just recently got married. In regardsRead MoreThesis, Term Paper, Essay, Research Paper21993 Words   |  88 PagesColoured women, 30% of Indian women and 17% of White women gave birth before turning 20 years of age (National Population Unit, in press 2003). The differences in incidence of teenage pregnancy among racial and ethnic groups result from socio-economic factors. Teenage pregnancy is prevalent in societies characterised by poverty, low education, fewer job opportunities and families headed by mothers who gave birth to their first children in adolescence (Dryfoos, 1996; Macleod, 1999). Teenage pregnancy

New Medical Findings From Anterior Cruciate Ligament...

As new medical findings become disseminated present-day practices are subject to amendment, exposing the inherent nature and complexity of the human body. This is particularly true in a health care setting where a top-down processing approach is adopted to study and treat complex comorbidities. The problem is that, while health care professionals acknowledge the limitations of the traditional top-down approach, they rarely appropriate the necessary time needed to respond to such constraints. This study intended to identify alternative methods of responding to disparities seen amongst athletes recovering from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) by embracing the inherent nature and complexity of the human body. Rehabilitative care for an ACLR is invariably complex and delicate in nature. Inexperience, rapidly changing technologies and procedures, unpredictable psychosocial environments, and increasingly demanding training standards brings immense challenges for those healt h care professionals involved with returning an athlete to their pre-injury level (Morrison Waltner-Toews, (2010). Many factors have been found to affect the quality of recovery. However, it is generally assumed that each factor is mutually exclusive from each other (Duquin et. al., (2010). As a consequence, little is known about the strength and direction of association between each variable. Before we can engage in improved rehabilitative care for ACLR, it is important to take a step backShow MoreRelatedEssay on Professional Sports - Injured Athletes and Early Retirement1613 Words   |  7 Pagesretirement, but if this all they invested in; most have not thought a lot about a career after sports. The athlete and the aftermath of injury or illness that leads them to retirement is a difficult issue. For those readers who are injured or suffer from a debilitating illness that prevents further participation in your sport you are not alone. Scientists and physicians are working hard to resolve the problem of early retirement due to injuries.    The emotional pain comes later for the athleteRead MoreMind/Body Practices: Ancient Traditions with Contemporary Benefits3290 Words   |  14 PagesIn October of 1991, the United States Congress passed a law dedicating $2 million to fund an office of the National Institute of Health dedicated to the investigation of nontraditional medical practices. Seven years later, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) became an official branch of the National Institutes of Health. Although alternative medicine has only recently gained official recognition in the United States, the mind/body practices that pervade NCCAM’sRead MoreAnswer Key Essay33443 Words   |  134 PagesThe first step in mastering ICD-10-PCS is to become familiar with the terminology, structure and format of this new code set. In addition to the Flash Card software program found on the CD-ROM in the back of the text, AHIMA also offers a deck of ICD-10-PCS flashcards. These high quality flashcards will help you to learn all of the definitions. The full-color flashcards define the 31 Medical and Surgical Root Operations and the 7 Approaches. The deck also contains 16 cards that illustrate the characterRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageswritten permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08

Essay on Human Resource Management

Question: Write an essay about the Human Resource Management. Answer: Abstracts The assignment has been prepared to study the two most important concepts of human resource management in the present day business world. The two concepts are flexibility at the workplace and work life balance of the employees, which are being highly considered by the managers these days to improve the work environment, maximise productivity, retain employees and increase the levels of job satisfaction amongst them. The assignment has been very helpful in gaining a thorough insight into the two concepts and gaining knowledge about their past, present and future status. It also helps us in understanding the effects that the long working hours can have on employees and the initiatives that a company can take to facilitate work life balance for the human resource even when the company is going through an economic downturn. Introduction The assignment has been prepared to study the concepts of flexibility and work life balance. The basic purpose of the assignment is to study the concepts and find out the entities that benefit from the implementation of flexibility at the workplace. It further aims to study the effect of long working hours on the human resource and how can the management promote work life balance even in the periods of economic downturn. To study all of the above points, we would consult a number of online websites and articles to come to a conclusion. Flexibility at Workplace The modern day business world is quite complex and the introduction of globalization has further increased up the complexities. The companies are now striving for their survival in their market and are willing to do anything that would help them in achieving a competitive advantage over other firms. In such a scenario, it is almost impossible to achieve a competitive advantage through products, services or processes as they can be easily reverse engineered and replicated within no time. Therefore, the companies are relying upon their human resources to achieve competitive advantages which they cannot achieve otherwise. In order to achieve such competitive advantages, the companies are trying to establish the best possible work environment for the employees so that they can perform well and contribute more towards the overall productivity. Flexibility at workplace is one such approach that aims at improving the work conditions by allowing the management and the employees to together d ecide the working conditions, which would be suitable to both the parties. The basic aim of workplace flexibility is to provide flexibility in the work conditions to the employees and achieve an increase in the productivity and efficiency while bringing down the operating costs side by side. Flexibility is talked about a lot in the present day organisations and is almost demanded by all employees because it helps the employees in maintaining a better balance between their work life and personal life ("Flexibility in the workplace Employee entitlements Fair Work Ombudsman", n.d.). Let us discuss some advantages of implementing flexibility at the workplace: Workplace flexibility can help the organisation in increasing the employees commitment towards the job and the organisation. Workplace flexibility can also help in increasing the quality of life of the employees The biggest advantage of implementing flexibility at the workplace is that it helps in the optimisation of productivity and efficiency. Workplace flexibility is a concept that was introduced a couple of decades ago. There are plenty of business organisations that have based their success stories on workplace flexibility while there are also organisations that have not been able to implement the concept successfully and have lost their productivity and efficiency due to the failure. Flexibility is also in a great demand as the employees prefer to work with the companies that offer flexibility to their employees. Such companies are able to maintain a positive image in the market and are able to retain their existing workforce and attract new pool of talented employees. Furthermore, a number of researchers have concluded that workplace flexibility can help in improving the work life balance of the employees and reduce the levels of stress amongst them ("why employees need flexibility", n.d.). Workplace flexibility is proving to be a very crucial concept in the management of human resources despite many believes that it has lost its original paradigm and is no more effective as it used to be earlier. According to Juliet Bourke, the concept of flexibility has lost its original paradigm because now the same work is expected to be accomplished by a lesser workforce. The viewpoint of Juliet Bourke is totally incorrect as such things depend upon the policies that the management is able to formulate under workplace flexibility. Flexibility does not mean all the work for some employees and no work for the other employees. Rather, it means that the work is the same for each employee but they are just allowed to accomplish it within any time of the day. Further, if only a few employees were overloaded with all the work then the researchers could not have concluded that flexibility at workplace could help in bringing down the levels of stress. Therefore, it can be easily said that w orkplace flexibility has not lost its original paradigm and the only problems being faced in flexibility are due to the issues in proper implementation. Implications of Long Working Hours on Employees Long working hours or overtime is a concept where the employees working in a company are allowed to work for an extra duration of time so that they can earn more than they get paid for their regular work. It is an exceptional approach to earn money for those employees who are undergoing harsh times or are unable to make both their ends meet. It also helps the company in fulfilling the demands of the human resources when the supply gets lower due to unexpected reasons as the company can pay extra to the employees and still get the work done. However, the negative impacts of long working hours have been carefully considered and they outweigh the benefits of long working hours any day. Let us now discuss some of the negative impacts of long working hours: Increase in problems related to health of the employees a number of researchers have tried to study the effect of long working hours on the health of the employees and have concluded that there are serious negative impacts of long working hours on the health of the employees. Some of the common problems, which have been found to be common in employees that work for longer hours, are listed below: Increased possibility of injuries due to physical exertion Higher blood pressure in people performing white collar jobs An increase in the mental health problems Possibility of reduction in gestation age in women and birth weight An increase in the amount of alcohol consumed by males A considerable increase in the number of suicides A number of studies have also concluded that the employees who work for more than 50 hours in a single week have more problems in their families, reduced mental health, drug addiction and divorces. Decrease in productivity Some companies believe that by making the employees work for longer durations, they would be able to achieve an increase in the overall productivity and efficiency, which is obviously not true. Employees are humans not machines and they tend to get bored with a piece of work if they have to do it again and again and for longer durations. When the employees get bored of their work, there would be an obvious decline in the productivity and efficiency as they would not want to do the same work again and again. Further, some of the employees might even leave an organisation which asks them to carry on doing a same piece of work for very long period of time. Increased absenteeism one of the most serious impacts of long working hours on the human resource of a company can be an increase in the absenteeism of employees. When the employees are given a piece of work which they have to perform repeatedly and for very long periods of time, they often tend to get bored of their work. Long working hours also disturb the work life balance of the employees, which ultimately increases the levels of stress amongst them. As a result, sooner or later, the employees feel stressed with their work and tend to take unnecessary leaves from their jobs so that they can take rest and can improve their work life balance. Stalled work another negative impact of long working hours is stalled work. Overtime and long working hours are in other way a system of appraisal that appraises the employees putting in extra time in the form of monetary compensations. To make the best out of it, the employees might sometimes stall their regular work so that they can make an excuse and carry it further to their overtime periods. They might not work with the same speed as they would have done in the absence of an overtime opportunity. By stalling the work, they can complete the same work in more time and earn extra incentive ("How Does Overtime Affect Employee Performance?", n.d.). Increased in turnover rates as absenteeism is one of the consequences of long working hours, it is obvious that slowly and steadily, the workforce would reach a stage where they would prefer leaving the organisation as working there would increase the work load on them and disturb their work life balance. As a result, they finally quit the organisations and end up increasing the turnover rates. Turnover rates can increase exponentially when organisations ask their employees to work for longer periods of time without actually providing them with any kind of compensation for the extra efforts put in by them. Segmentation long working hours can also cause segmentation in the human resource of a company. This is one of the least expected impacts of long working hours. Sometimes, the workers who mostly work for longer hours or for extra time might have a tendency of becoming territorial and would want to take over all the responsibilities as they would want to be the only ones to receive the benefits of overtime or long working hours. Increase in mistakes a number of researchers have concluded that long working hours or overtime can increase the number of mistakes committed by employees that work in jobs which require interpersonal communication, making judgement calls, managing emotional reactions or dealing with emotions or feelings of other people. As a result, the performance and accuracy can greatly suffer because of overtime work or long working hours ("The Research Is Clear: Long Hours Backfire for People and for Companies", 2015). Work Life Balance in Economic Downturn Work life balance is one of the most important concepts that have emerged in the past history of human resource management. Work life balance, in simple words, is defined as the balance between the personal lives and work lives of employees. In the modern day business world, business organisations as well as the employees are facing a number of complexities and as a result, they are experiencing greater levels of stress. Further, the employees also have a personal life and what happens in their personal lives can also become a reason for stress. When the stress resulting from one source interferes with their other life, it is said that the employees lack a proper balance between their work and personal life. Absence of work life balance can have serious consequences and as a result, the human resource managers a retrying their best to undertake approaches that would help the employees in improving their work life balances (Naithani, 2010). Ensuring work life balance for employees can become quite difficult in periods when the business is experiencing an economic downturn or a recession. During economic downturns or recessions, business organisations experience a drastic fall in the sales of their goods and products. As a result, the levels of stress creep up and it becomes difficult to maintain a balance between work and life. Ensuring work life balance for employees becomes essential in such conditions as it not only benefits the employees but also benefits the employers in the form of reduced operating costs and highly productive workforce. Let us discuss some initiatives that the management can undertake, in periods of economic downturns, to ensure proper work life balance for the employees: Part time working and job sharing one of the best ways to facilitate work life balance in economic downturns is by providing part time work options to the employees. It would allow them to manage their work life and personal life in a better way and they would ultimately become more productive. It would also help the management in reducing the operating cost as there would be less employees working at the workplace (Buchholtz, 2016). Sabbatical leaves another way to help the employees in managing their work life balance is to provide them with sabbatical leaves. Sabbatical leaves are those leaves in which an employee remains employed with the employer but is not required to assignment to the employer for a fixed period of time. It could help the employees in taking some time off from their work and would help the company in reducing the wage bills of the employees ("Sabbatical leave dictionary definition | sabbatical leave defined", n.d.). Term time term time is a concept where the employees are required to work more in a particular period of time so that they can work less in the rest of the time. This approach can be very helpful to the companies that have seasonal production and demands as both the employees and the employer reach a win-win condition. E-working one of the best gift of technology to this world is technology and information systems. E-working is an approach where the employees can work from anywhere using an information system and an internet connection. E-working is becoming very popular as the employees can easily work from their home at any time they feel like. Further, it eliminates the requirement to maintain huge office spaces and to provide perks and benefits to the employees while they work. It greatly helps in reducing the operating costs as they company does not has to attend its employees and pay for their welfare or recreational activities. It also helps the employees as they can work according to the time that suits them the best (Buchholtz, 2016). Conclusion The journals and the website consulted for the purpose of gaining information on the topic clearly show that flexibility and work life balance are very closely related and it is very important to introduce flexibility if a company wants its employees to have a work life balance. The concepts of flexibility and work life balance have a bright future as they are still being implemented by a number of organisations while some of the famous business firms in the world have already achieved success in their implementation. Further, the study also helped in understanding the importance of providing flexibility and work life balance opportunities to the employees during an economic downturn and how the employers can facilitate them during recession. References 5 Negative Effects of High Overtime Levels. (2016). Circadian.com. Retrieved 18 May 2016, A Revolutionary Change: Making the Workplace More Flexible | Solutions. (2011). Buchholtz, K. (2016). Work Life Balance is Beneficial in a Recession!. Davis, M. (2008). The Impact Of Recession On Businesses | Investopedia. Flexibility at work - the business case - Professionals Australia. (1969). Flexibility in the workplace Employee entitlements Fair Work Ombudsman. Forbes Welcome. (2016). Forbes.com. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Forbes Welcome. (2013). Forbes.com. Retrieved 19 May 2016 How Does Overtime Affect Employee Performance? How Risky Is Overtime, Really?. (2007). Harvard Business Review. Managing work-life balance in a recession. W3.unisa.edu.au. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Morgan, H. (2015). 3 Benefits of Workplace Flexibility. US News World Assignment. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Naithani, P. (2010). Recession and Work-Life Balance Initiatives. Romanian Journal Of Economic Forecasting, Research Summary: The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: Sabbatical leave dictionary definition | sabbatical leave defined. Yourdictionary.com.