Bach Cantata free essay sample

For the principal development which has the type of a Passacaglia which is an agreeably complete eight measure song with the accentuation on the topic which can even show up in the treble as it does. In this development the topic fundamentally and at first shows up as a slipping chromatic bass. It is sung by full chorale and the state of mind is grave since they open up about how Jesus passes on the bitterest demise and how it laments the individuals of the congregation. Bach utilizes the ritornello in the primary development since it is as a Passacaglia. He sets himself up later to have another ritornello later in the piece. For this piece the melody is the job of the individuals of the congregation. The second development which is the most well known piece of the piece is an aria two part harmony with the soprano and alto. In which the soloist are individuals asking for absolution and help from God. We will compose a custom article test on Bach Cantata or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page As the sign melodically up a scale they are stating â€Å"Our voices are raising to ask thee for succor† which is the central matter of this aria. Since Bach denoted the violone is staccato e pizzicato this development is light and fresh thus should the vocalists be in the style of playing too. The consummation in what is by all accounts nearly un-Bach like in which a gun in the numerous rehashes of o Jesu and zu dir, and the coloraturas on erfreulich. It closes with the lovely impact of conclusive zu dir as is commonly said we are for you. In the third development which is a recitative for the tenor as he describes himself as a delinquent and a vagabond and as he does so the music echoes his thoughts. For instance, the initial two lines properly meander agreeably. The tenors line hops about clamorously, jumping particularly high on the word weit, which means wide. What's more, the organ’s frightening harmonies strike in odd spots, causing the vocalist to appear to be really out of sync with his backup. Only in this way, as the delinquent meanders about through life he moves out of synchronization with God. This is additionally an extremely serious development as it is indicating that you should apologize to God. For this development it is by and by for the tenor yet this time it is an aria. The content of this development focuses to the cleanse of our wrongdoings through Christs languishing. In the flute entries we can envision the check off of keeps an eye on blame with the direct, scale-like sections and the assuaged heart that bounces for satisfaction. A component of word-painting happens when in this G minor aria there is a change to major on the words, macht mir das Herze wieder leicht. This causes you to accept that there is despite everything trust in the erring to apologize to God. For the fifth development which is Bach’s second recitative however this time it is for the bass. In this development it shows comparable examples in its story voice, in spite of the fact that I accept this recitative is apparently substantially more satisfying than the first. This recitative is wealthy in chromaticism. The secco changes to a convoluted accompagnato style. Utilizing as a backup all the strings, this recitative is suggestive of Bachs interests. There are wide span hops to expand the expressive intensity of the words, and furthermore numerous abrupt changes in beat: vivace adagio moderately slow and even. The sign, con ardore, (in the vivace segment) builds the sensational impact. The chorale song is refered to toward the finish of the development this is a precise melodic statement from the chorale. It is indicating the numerous battles of man yet man can discover quality in God. In this development which is an aria for the bass it is increasingly similar to a concerto for bass voice and oboe with the inclusions of tutti entries for the strings. It appears that the bass is a similar individual as in the recitative previously. In this development Bach accomplishes a 8-measure ordinary sort acquaintance by doing an A with B to A to B to C segment. The finish of this segment has a clear Da capo with the voice taking an interest in the unaltered ritornello, after which the instrumental ritornello closes the development. In the last and short development which is a full tutti with melody. As the open up the development with saying â€Å"Lord, I trust thee, help my weakness† as the congregation individuals are placing their confidence and trust in God to support them. All through the piece he have had motional agitation and now it is bound together in the last chorale. It is astonishing in how much detail Bach put in this piece in only a short measure of time. The music was in every case exceptionally clear for what state of mind it was setting and how he utilized the instruments as a major aspect of the story too. It is an incredible piece all the way and recounted to a significant story to the Catholic religion.

Anne Bradstreet

Leonard Anger toes: â€Å"For the Puritan, obviously, every close to home preliminary had its philosophical significance† (100). In any case, In managing the passings of her grandkids, It Is her serious sorrow and overpowering feeling of misfortune that propel her to address, and now and again challenge, the importance of God's will, intentionally realizing this is against the Puritan tenet. The funeral poems mirror Breadbasket's exertion in attempting to adjust her battle to acknowledge, comprehend, and characterize her commitment to her family and the physical world against the profound meaning of God and the desires for her that.Anne Breadbasket's verse, both in style and substance, exemplifies who she Is as an individual: a Puritan, a lady, a spouse, a mother, and a writer. Outrage notes, â€Å"Broadsheet knew that she was a lady artist, not only a poet,† (114) and that â€Å"She composed of her family and of the issues that contacted her intently at home† (1 15). The â€Å"domestic† sonnet permits Broadsheet all the more openly to communicate her sentiments. Kenneth Require claims Broadsheet a superior writer inside her own work since it most honestly speaks to how she identifies with the world-?as a lady, spouse, and mother.Require accepts the outcomes are clear In Broadsheets private verse and that â€Å"speaking as a private artist Is so adequately near her residential employment that she Is agreeable in the private role† (1 Breadbasket's solace level recorded as a hard copy about close to home experience is evident, and as Wendy Martin takes note of, this permits her to be â€Å"considerably progressively real to life about her otherworldly emergencies, her profound connection to her family, and her affection for mortal life† (17). Broadsheet saves her own sonnets for a little, confided in crowd of family and dear friends.Writing for this crowd rates a sheltered domain wherein she can uncover her contemplations and emotions without the danger of Judgment or analysis. It Is inside this â€Å"comfort zone† that Broadsheet composes these three genuine requiems and communicates the profoundly close to home and otherworldly clash she endures in attempting to comprehend the significance of her grandkids passings. The primary funeral poem, â€Å"In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth Broadsheet, Who Deceased August, 1665, Being a Year and a Half Old,† Anne Broadsheet starts with delicate feeling and sad farewells.Her tone is despairing, her bitterness obvious. Past Breadbasket's strong goodbyes, there is the genuine physical structure of the sonnet to consider. Outrage states, â€Å"It is evident that the structure of the refrains is intended to be symmetrical,† (109). He depicts what he trusts Breadbasket's ideal impact: â€Å"In both [stanzas], the initial four lines catch human disarray and distress. The last three [lines in each stanza] find the profound substance th at gives consolation† (109).Anger considers this balance viable in speaking to Breadbasket's endeavor of attempting to discover rationale in Elizabethan demise and her acknowledgment at n â€Å"One can't reason Trot understanding to Beginning Witt the primary verse, the example of human disarray and distress shows up in the initial four lines when Broadsheet composes rehashed goodbyes and uncovers her vulnerability in understanding Elizabethan passing: Farewell dear darling, my heart's an excessive amount of substance, Farewell sweet angel, the joy of mine eye, Farewell reasonable bloom that for a space was loaned, Then consumed unto time everlasting (lines 1-4).Broadsheet is miserable that her adored granddaughter, Elizabeth, ought to have such a brief timeframe on earth and is befuddled when unexpectedly and mysteriously she is always removed. Taking a gander at the subsequent refrain, in the initial four lines Broadsheet centers around the existence pattern of nature, talk ing regarding developed development ?a differentiation to the short existence of Elizabeth: ordinarily trees do decay when they are developed, And plums and apples altogether ready do fall, And corn and grass are in their season mown, And time cuts down what is both solid and tall (8-11).Broadsheet thinks that its intelligent that trees in the long run decay; ready organic product falls; corn and grass mown-?their life cycle total and passing anticipated. What Broadsheet can't understand is the reason God would not permit Elizabeth a full and long life as He permits tauter. Wrapped inside this disarray, Broadsheet uncovers her bashful inquiry of God's will. As Anger demonstrates, it is inside the last three lines of every refrain Broadsheet acknowledges her human fragility and gets comfort from tolerating God's will.This communicated in the primary verse when Broadsheet composes the last three lines: â€Å"Blest angel, for what reason should I once bewail thy destiny,/Or moan thy d ays so before long were end,/Sits thou are settled in an everlasting state† (5-7). Regarding religion, Broadsheet comprehends her granddaughter's destiny ?to be with God-?is a lot more noteworthy than connecting on earth. Martin remarks that Broadsheet knows about the Puritan lady's obligation is â€Å"to help her family in the administration of God,† (69) and â€Å"To love them for the good of their own would demonstrate a perilous connection to this world† (69).However, Breadbasket's heart hurts for the physical being of Elizabeth, representing the contention she has in controlling her propensity to put a higher significance on genuine life than on profound life. In the subsequent refrain, Broadsheet communicates in the last three lines a profound solace and understanding when she acknowledges God's goes about as past the OIC fit for unimportant people. She parts of the bargains: plants new set to be destroy,/And buds new blown to have so short a date,/Is by Hi s hand alone that guides nature and fate† (12-14).Broadsheet comprehends that God needs no explanation. His position so extraordinary, only he picks the destiny of every single living thing. As indicated by Puritan philosophy, God's will is verifiable, and she finally concedes to the knowledge of His ever-knowing force. This example, a back-and-forth between the commitment to her confidence and her human requirement for sane clarification, is effective in adding to the motional intensity of this epitaph. Four years following the demise of Elizabeth, Broadsheet is again anguish blasted by the departure of a subsequent grandkid, Anne.In the requiem Broadsheet devotes to her, â€Å"In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Anne Broadsheet, Who Deceased June 20, 1669, Being Three Years and Seven Months Old,† seen Decodes all the more Torturing In tone, out again Tints closest counseling to ten more prominent intensity of God. Be that as it may, Broadsheet doesn't start this sonnet wi th delicate goodbyes, her allegation set forth quickly: â€Å"The sky have changed to distress my delight† (2). She straightforwardly charges paradise for her bitterness and in doing so by implication accuses God.Accusation substitutes with withdrawal as Broadsheet at that point diverts that announcement by later in the sonnet considering herself a blockhead: â€Å"More fool then I to look on that was loaned/As if mine own, when in this way impermanent† (13-14). Broadsheet puts the fault back on herself for her absurd desires for feeling that Anne has a place with this life, when in certainty she has a place with God. This is another case of the incredible exertion Broadsheet advances in attempting to accommodate her sentiments between the regular world and the otherworldly world.In the end lines Broadsheet composes: â€Å"Meantime my pounding heart's perked up with this:/Thou with thy Savior craftsmanship in interminable bliss† (17-18). Through repetition compl iance, Broadsheet claims comfort by the idea that Anne is presently with God; despite the fact that, this endeavor to adjust her melancholy against her trust in God communicated with hesitant acquiescence. Unfortunately, Breadbasket's grandson, Simon, bites the dust Just five months following the demise of her granddaughter, Anne.It is this third sonnet, â€Å"On My Dear Grandchild Simon Broadsheet, Who Died on 16 November, 1669, Being But a Month, and One Day Old,† cap is generally incredible in outlining the zenith of Breadbasket's profound distress and exceptional disappointment in her proceeded with scan for the significance of her grandkids passings. Breadbasket's outrage is substantial. Her anguish is intense and crude. She currently means her allegations to be comprehended and purposely parts of the bargains of timid addressing and agreeable acknowledgment of God's will, a strategy utilized in the two past funeral poems to veil her test of God.Broadsheet scarcely conta ins her resentment and shock when she explicitly charges God for her grandkids passings and penny addresses his integrity when she composes: â€Å"Three blossoms, two barely blown, the last I' the' bud,/Cropped by the' Almighty hand; yet is He good† (3-4). She can't discover insight or more prominent significance in God's choice. She can't accommodate the alleged integrity of God with the deplorable passings of her three grandkids: a great God would not cause such agony and sorrow.Breadbasket's voice is set apart with stressed devotion that scarcely hides her disdain of a God who might plan the demise of a youngster to fill in as an exercise to her. Pamela Shelton remarks on this when ceremonies, â€Å"In sonnets grieving the passings of grandkids, she thinks that its increasingly hard to acknowledge the God that she, as a Puritan, must love and comply: she composes with unpleasant incongruity about a God who murders kids so as to test grown-ups. † Broadsheet fills her lines with dull mockery and takes less consideration in her endeavors to cover her accusations.Shelton notes what she thinks about the most remarkable lines in this requiem: â€Å"Later, grieving her grandson Simon Broadsheet, the word ‘say is chillingly unexpected: ‘Such was [God's] will, however why, we should not question,/With humble hearts and mouths put in the residue,/Let's say he's benevolent, just as Just. Here Broadsheet can't associate her jobs of grandma and Puritan; she can just experience the signal ? compose the sonnet where she attempts to confide in God-?of accommodating her own involvement in her strict confidence. In this funeral poem, Broadsheet appears not as mindful in covering her

Gatsbys Corruptive Nature Essay Example For Students

Gatsbys Corruptive Nature Essay The Great Gatsby , composed by F. Scott Fitzgerald is a depiction of the wilting of the American Dream. The American Dream guarantees success and self-satisfaction as remunerations for difficult work and confidence. A result of the outskirts and the west, the American Dream provokes individuals to have dreams and endeavor to make them genuine. Generally, the Dream speaks to the picture of having faith in the decency of nature. Be that as it may, the American Dream can be deciphered in various manners. While some may make progress toward profound goodness and greatness, others take the fantasy to speak to simply materialistic qualities. This is the situation of Jay Gatsby, and Fitzgerald appears through clash and imagery that such a materialistic translation of the American Dream is the very reason for Gatsbys defeat. Gatsbys individual dream represents the bigger American dream where all have the chance to get what they want.(Prasad This blured rendition of the American Dream is spoken to principally by the contention between the recently rich and the set up rich, the East Eggers and the West Eggers. West Egg is the home of Jay Gatsby and those like him who have made immense fortunes yet who come up short on the customs that accompany acquired riches. The West Eggers live in a rough world, originating from the reception of riches as their lone standard in accomplishing the American Dream. The East Eggers, spoke to in The Great Gatsby by the Buchanans, have the acquired customs that accompany riches and come up short on the roughness of the West Eggers. They have been tainted by the purposelessness and facilitate that their cash has given. Because of their acquired customs, the East Eggers normally respect any adjustment in the social chain of command as a danger to the whole structure of society. A case of this is demonstrated when Tom Buchanan says something about the seperation of the family and inevitable intermarriage among dark and white.The thought is on the off chance that we dont peer out the white race will be absolutely lowered. Its all logical stuff; its been demonstrated. Its up to us, who are the predominant race, to look out or these different races will have control of things.(17) Thus, the abundance of the West Eggers and that of the East Eggers bring about comparative human contrasts, however indicated in an unexpected way. That is the reason West Egg and East Egg, apppear so divergent, are indistinguishable. They are both shriveling ceaselessly from the guarantee of the American Another case of the degenerate American Dream is the car, an exemplary image of material riches in America. In The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby is fixated on an existence of realism. He possesses a noteworthy car whose appearance is begrudged by many. It was a rich cream shading, brilliant with nickel, swollen to a great extent in its tremendous length with triumphant cap boxes and super-boxes and tool stash, and terraced with a maze of wind-shields that reflected twelve suns.(68) Gatsbys vehicle is an exaggerated thing made by riches to satisfy the American Dream of individual material achievement. It is, notwithstanding, Gatsbys vehicle that executes Myrtle Wilson when Daisy runs her over. This in a roundabout way prompts Gatsbys own demise and depicts Fitzgeralds topic that putting together the Dream with respect to realism alone is at last damaging. Alongside the vehicle, Jay Gatsby himself is an image of the debasement of the American Dream. He is a sentimental visionary who tries to satisfy his life by gaining his riches as a mobster. Gatsby doesn't change much throughout the novel since his entire life is dedicated to the satisfaction of a sentimental dream made that is conflicting with the real factors of society. At an early age Gatsby promised to adore and to wed Daisy Buchanan. His absence of riches drove Daisy into the arms of another increasingly prosperous man, Tom Buchanan. Gatsby accepted that he could win Daisy back with cash, and that he could get the existence she needed in the event that he paid for it. .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .postImageUrl , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:hover , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:visited , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:active { border:0!important; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:active , .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0 faa29c .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uf271c14ffbd195c210fdf965d0faa29c:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Hard Rock Operations Management and Productivity of the Staff Essay He needed to get rid of time so as to demolish the four years Tom and Daisy had together. Gatsby needed to rehash the past, Im going to fix everything simply the manner in which it was previously. Shell see . . ..(117) Gatsbys sentimental negligence for

Measure Economic Health - Free Essay Example

Measuring Economic Health Memo Regina Jernigan ECO/212 Principles of Economics September 9, 2010 Terron Khemraj Measuring Economics Economics activity is measured by real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Real Gross Domestic Product is the output of goods and services by labor and property within the United States (Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2010). Real GDP on average grows about 3. 5% each year and has an impact on the business cycle. The fiscal policy has a tremendous effect on individuals and businesses. The tax and interest rate plays a major role on the success or failure of the economy. The business cycle is measured by changes in real gross domestic product, and therefore, the focus is on changes in output and not input. Changes the government impose on purchases and taxes is aggregate demand can alter the level of real GDP. When government purchases decrease raises taxes, aggregate demand becomes slow and the rate of inflation decreases. Real GDP rises and fall over time, th is cycle is known as the business cycle. Changes in federal taxes and purchases made by the government to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives are called fiscal policy (Hubbard and O’Brien, 2010). The several government bodies that determine national fiscal policy is as follows: * Office of the President of the United States – makes decision on changes to the fiscal policy * Department of Treasury – manages and constructs the fiscal policy * Office of Management and Budget – develops and analyzes the fiscal policy * Government Accountability Office – audits the fiscal policy Each member of government plays a critical role in determining the patter and level of economic activity. Congress and the presidents have used fiscal policy to fight recession. If a new fiscal policy takes longer than expected to be approved, this could cause harm. The Federal Open Market Committee can change the monetary policy at any of the eight meetings held each year, but the president and the majority of Congress has to agree to change the fiscal policy. This could cause a recession if the process takes too long for approval. When the fiscal policy increase aggregate supply, change taxes, and increase incentives to work and start a business (Hubbard and O’Brien, 2010). A decrease in taxes gives new businesses an opportunity to form, whereas, an increase in taxes makes it harder for business owners to afford to purchase or buy into a business. The pattern of government expenditure affects the potential for future economic growth because the role in public investment. The government decision to expand infrastructure by building bridges or repairing roadway, creates jobs that affects employment by decreasing the unemployment rate. The increase in jobs will cause a domino effect; employees will spend more causing production to increase to supply the demand of consumers. The fiscal policy can determine the level of activity and emp loyment based on their interest rate. When taxes increase it allows consumers to be conscious spenders because they will not spend more with higher taxes. Whereas, when taxes are cut consumers increase their spending to consume more of their needs and wants. If no new jobs, production begins to layoff causing the unemployment rate to increase and consumer spend less. When interest rates increases, credit becomes limited, and production decreases. On the other hand, when interest rates decreases, more money is available and banks loan more and production begins to increase. Businesses availability to expand is favorable when the interest rate decreases. A decrease in interest rate leads to an increase in hiring causing production to increase. The fiscal policy has a negative effect if the tax and interest rate increase causing consumers to spend less and businesses are not able to expand. When tax and interest rate decrease, it has a positive effect allowing more spending of consu mers and businesses to expand. References Hubbard, R. G. , OBrien, A. P. (2010). Economics (3rd ed. ). : Prentice Hall https://www. istockanalyst. com/

A Brief Note On Economic And Financial Stressors - 1356 Words

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New Medical Findings From Anterior Cruciate Ligament...

As new medical findings become disseminated present-day practices are subject to amendment, exposing the inherent nature and complexity of the human body. This is particularly true in a health care setting where a top-down processing approach is adopted to study and treat complex comorbidities. The problem is that, while health care professionals acknowledge the limitations of the traditional top-down approach, they rarely appropriate the necessary time needed to respond to such constraints. This study intended to identify alternative methods of responding to disparities seen amongst athletes recovering from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) by embracing the inherent nature and complexity of the human body. Rehabilitative care for an ACLR is invariably complex and delicate in nature. Inexperience, rapidly changing technologies and procedures, unpredictable psychosocial environments, and increasingly demanding training standards brings immense challenges for those healt h care professionals involved with returning an athlete to their pre-injury level (Morrison Waltner-Toews, (2010). Many factors have been found to affect the quality of recovery. However, it is generally assumed that each factor is mutually exclusive from each other (Duquin et. al., (2010). As a consequence, little is known about the strength and direction of association between each variable. Before we can engage in improved rehabilitative care for ACLR, it is important to take a step backShow MoreRelatedEssay on Professional Sports - Injured Athletes and Early Retirement1613 Words   |  7 Pagesretirement, but if this all they invested in; most have not thought a lot about a career after sports. The athlete and the aftermath of injury or illness that leads them to retirement is a difficult issue. For those readers who are injured or suffer from a debilitating illness that prevents further participation in your sport you are not alone. Scientists and physicians are working hard to resolve the problem of early retirement due to injuries.    The emotional pain comes later for the athleteRead MoreMind/Body Practices: Ancient Traditions with Contemporary Benefits3290 Words   |  14 PagesIn October of 1991, the United States Congress passed a law dedicating $2 million to fund an office of the National Institute of Health dedicated to the investigation of nontraditional medical practices. Seven years later, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) became an official branch of the National Institutes of Health. Although alternative medicine has only recently gained official recognition in the United States, the mind/body practices that pervade NCCAM’sRead MoreAnswer Key Essay33443 Words   |  134 PagesThe first step in mastering ICD-10-PCS is to become familiar with the terminology, structure and format of this new code set. In addition to the Flash Card software program found on the CD-ROM in the back of the text, AHIMA also offers a deck of ICD-10-PCS flashcards. These high quality flashcards will help you to learn all of the definitions. The full-color flashcards define the 31 Medical and Surgical Root Operations and the 7 Approaches. The deck also contains 16 cards that illustrate the characterRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pageswritten permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08

Essay on Human Resource Management

Question: Write an essay about the Human Resource Management. Answer: Abstracts The assignment has been prepared to study the two most important concepts of human resource management in the present day business world. The two concepts are flexibility at the workplace and work life balance of the employees, which are being highly considered by the managers these days to improve the work environment, maximise productivity, retain employees and increase the levels of job satisfaction amongst them. The assignment has been very helpful in gaining a thorough insight into the two concepts and gaining knowledge about their past, present and future status. It also helps us in understanding the effects that the long working hours can have on employees and the initiatives that a company can take to facilitate work life balance for the human resource even when the company is going through an economic downturn. Introduction The assignment has been prepared to study the concepts of flexibility and work life balance. The basic purpose of the assignment is to study the concepts and find out the entities that benefit from the implementation of flexibility at the workplace. It further aims to study the effect of long working hours on the human resource and how can the management promote work life balance even in the periods of economic downturn. To study all of the above points, we would consult a number of online websites and articles to come to a conclusion. Flexibility at Workplace The modern day business world is quite complex and the introduction of globalization has further increased up the complexities. The companies are now striving for their survival in their market and are willing to do anything that would help them in achieving a competitive advantage over other firms. In such a scenario, it is almost impossible to achieve a competitive advantage through products, services or processes as they can be easily reverse engineered and replicated within no time. Therefore, the companies are relying upon their human resources to achieve competitive advantages which they cannot achieve otherwise. In order to achieve such competitive advantages, the companies are trying to establish the best possible work environment for the employees so that they can perform well and contribute more towards the overall productivity. Flexibility at workplace is one such approach that aims at improving the work conditions by allowing the management and the employees to together d ecide the working conditions, which would be suitable to both the parties. The basic aim of workplace flexibility is to provide flexibility in the work conditions to the employees and achieve an increase in the productivity and efficiency while bringing down the operating costs side by side. Flexibility is talked about a lot in the present day organisations and is almost demanded by all employees because it helps the employees in maintaining a better balance between their work life and personal life ("Flexibility in the workplace Employee entitlements Fair Work Ombudsman", n.d.). Let us discuss some advantages of implementing flexibility at the workplace: Workplace flexibility can help the organisation in increasing the employees commitment towards the job and the organisation. Workplace flexibility can also help in increasing the quality of life of the employees The biggest advantage of implementing flexibility at the workplace is that it helps in the optimisation of productivity and efficiency. Workplace flexibility is a concept that was introduced a couple of decades ago. There are plenty of business organisations that have based their success stories on workplace flexibility while there are also organisations that have not been able to implement the concept successfully and have lost their productivity and efficiency due to the failure. Flexibility is also in a great demand as the employees prefer to work with the companies that offer flexibility to their employees. Such companies are able to maintain a positive image in the market and are able to retain their existing workforce and attract new pool of talented employees. Furthermore, a number of researchers have concluded that workplace flexibility can help in improving the work life balance of the employees and reduce the levels of stress amongst them ("why employees need flexibility", n.d.). Workplace flexibility is proving to be a very crucial concept in the management of human resources despite many believes that it has lost its original paradigm and is no more effective as it used to be earlier. According to Juliet Bourke, the concept of flexibility has lost its original paradigm because now the same work is expected to be accomplished by a lesser workforce. The viewpoint of Juliet Bourke is totally incorrect as such things depend upon the policies that the management is able to formulate under workplace flexibility. Flexibility does not mean all the work for some employees and no work for the other employees. Rather, it means that the work is the same for each employee but they are just allowed to accomplish it within any time of the day. Further, if only a few employees were overloaded with all the work then the researchers could not have concluded that flexibility at workplace could help in bringing down the levels of stress. Therefore, it can be easily said that w orkplace flexibility has not lost its original paradigm and the only problems being faced in flexibility are due to the issues in proper implementation. Implications of Long Working Hours on Employees Long working hours or overtime is a concept where the employees working in a company are allowed to work for an extra duration of time so that they can earn more than they get paid for their regular work. It is an exceptional approach to earn money for those employees who are undergoing harsh times or are unable to make both their ends meet. It also helps the company in fulfilling the demands of the human resources when the supply gets lower due to unexpected reasons as the company can pay extra to the employees and still get the work done. However, the negative impacts of long working hours have been carefully considered and they outweigh the benefits of long working hours any day. Let us now discuss some of the negative impacts of long working hours: Increase in problems related to health of the employees a number of researchers have tried to study the effect of long working hours on the health of the employees and have concluded that there are serious negative impacts of long working hours on the health of the employees. Some of the common problems, which have been found to be common in employees that work for longer hours, are listed below: Increased possibility of injuries due to physical exertion Higher blood pressure in people performing white collar jobs An increase in the mental health problems Possibility of reduction in gestation age in women and birth weight An increase in the amount of alcohol consumed by males A considerable increase in the number of suicides A number of studies have also concluded that the employees who work for more than 50 hours in a single week have more problems in their families, reduced mental health, drug addiction and divorces. Decrease in productivity Some companies believe that by making the employees work for longer durations, they would be able to achieve an increase in the overall productivity and efficiency, which is obviously not true. Employees are humans not machines and they tend to get bored with a piece of work if they have to do it again and again and for longer durations. When the employees get bored of their work, there would be an obvious decline in the productivity and efficiency as they would not want to do the same work again and again. Further, some of the employees might even leave an organisation which asks them to carry on doing a same piece of work for very long period of time. Increased absenteeism one of the most serious impacts of long working hours on the human resource of a company can be an increase in the absenteeism of employees. When the employees are given a piece of work which they have to perform repeatedly and for very long periods of time, they often tend to get bored of their work. Long working hours also disturb the work life balance of the employees, which ultimately increases the levels of stress amongst them. As a result, sooner or later, the employees feel stressed with their work and tend to take unnecessary leaves from their jobs so that they can take rest and can improve their work life balance. Stalled work another negative impact of long working hours is stalled work. Overtime and long working hours are in other way a system of appraisal that appraises the employees putting in extra time in the form of monetary compensations. To make the best out of it, the employees might sometimes stall their regular work so that they can make an excuse and carry it further to their overtime periods. They might not work with the same speed as they would have done in the absence of an overtime opportunity. By stalling the work, they can complete the same work in more time and earn extra incentive ("How Does Overtime Affect Employee Performance?", n.d.). Increased in turnover rates as absenteeism is one of the consequences of long working hours, it is obvious that slowly and steadily, the workforce would reach a stage where they would prefer leaving the organisation as working there would increase the work load on them and disturb their work life balance. As a result, they finally quit the organisations and end up increasing the turnover rates. Turnover rates can increase exponentially when organisations ask their employees to work for longer periods of time without actually providing them with any kind of compensation for the extra efforts put in by them. Segmentation long working hours can also cause segmentation in the human resource of a company. This is one of the least expected impacts of long working hours. Sometimes, the workers who mostly work for longer hours or for extra time might have a tendency of becoming territorial and would want to take over all the responsibilities as they would want to be the only ones to receive the benefits of overtime or long working hours. Increase in mistakes a number of researchers have concluded that long working hours or overtime can increase the number of mistakes committed by employees that work in jobs which require interpersonal communication, making judgement calls, managing emotional reactions or dealing with emotions or feelings of other people. As a result, the performance and accuracy can greatly suffer because of overtime work or long working hours ("The Research Is Clear: Long Hours Backfire for People and for Companies", 2015). Work Life Balance in Economic Downturn Work life balance is one of the most important concepts that have emerged in the past history of human resource management. Work life balance, in simple words, is defined as the balance between the personal lives and work lives of employees. In the modern day business world, business organisations as well as the employees are facing a number of complexities and as a result, they are experiencing greater levels of stress. Further, the employees also have a personal life and what happens in their personal lives can also become a reason for stress. When the stress resulting from one source interferes with their other life, it is said that the employees lack a proper balance between their work and personal life. Absence of work life balance can have serious consequences and as a result, the human resource managers a retrying their best to undertake approaches that would help the employees in improving their work life balances (Naithani, 2010). Ensuring work life balance for employees can become quite difficult in periods when the business is experiencing an economic downturn or a recession. During economic downturns or recessions, business organisations experience a drastic fall in the sales of their goods and products. As a result, the levels of stress creep up and it becomes difficult to maintain a balance between work and life. Ensuring work life balance for employees becomes essential in such conditions as it not only benefits the employees but also benefits the employers in the form of reduced operating costs and highly productive workforce. Let us discuss some initiatives that the management can undertake, in periods of economic downturns, to ensure proper work life balance for the employees: Part time working and job sharing one of the best ways to facilitate work life balance in economic downturns is by providing part time work options to the employees. It would allow them to manage their work life and personal life in a better way and they would ultimately become more productive. It would also help the management in reducing the operating cost as there would be less employees working at the workplace (Buchholtz, 2016). Sabbatical leaves another way to help the employees in managing their work life balance is to provide them with sabbatical leaves. Sabbatical leaves are those leaves in which an employee remains employed with the employer but is not required to assignment to the employer for a fixed period of time. It could help the employees in taking some time off from their work and would help the company in reducing the wage bills of the employees ("Sabbatical leave dictionary definition | sabbatical leave defined", n.d.). Term time term time is a concept where the employees are required to work more in a particular period of time so that they can work less in the rest of the time. This approach can be very helpful to the companies that have seasonal production and demands as both the employees and the employer reach a win-win condition. E-working one of the best gift of technology to this world is technology and information systems. E-working is an approach where the employees can work from anywhere using an information system and an internet connection. E-working is becoming very popular as the employees can easily work from their home at any time they feel like. Further, it eliminates the requirement to maintain huge office spaces and to provide perks and benefits to the employees while they work. It greatly helps in reducing the operating costs as they company does not has to attend its employees and pay for their welfare or recreational activities. It also helps the employees as they can work according to the time that suits them the best (Buchholtz, 2016). Conclusion The journals and the website consulted for the purpose of gaining information on the topic clearly show that flexibility and work life balance are very closely related and it is very important to introduce flexibility if a company wants its employees to have a work life balance. The concepts of flexibility and work life balance have a bright future as they are still being implemented by a number of organisations while some of the famous business firms in the world have already achieved success in their implementation. Further, the study also helped in understanding the importance of providing flexibility and work life balance opportunities to the employees during an economic downturn and how the employers can facilitate them during recession. References 5 Negative Effects of High Overtime Levels. (2016). Circadian.com. Retrieved 18 May 2016, A Revolutionary Change: Making the Workplace More Flexible | Solutions. (2011). Buchholtz, K. (2016). Work Life Balance is Beneficial in a Recession!. Davis, M. (2008). The Impact Of Recession On Businesses | Investopedia. Flexibility at work - the business case - Professionals Australia. (1969). Flexibility in the workplace Employee entitlements Fair Work Ombudsman. Forbes Welcome. (2016). Forbes.com. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Forbes Welcome. (2013). Forbes.com. Retrieved 19 May 2016 How Does Overtime Affect Employee Performance? How Risky Is Overtime, Really?. (2007). Harvard Business Review. Managing work-life balance in a recession. W3.unisa.edu.au. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Morgan, H. (2015). 3 Benefits of Workplace Flexibility. US News World Assignment. Retrieved 19 May 2016, Naithani, P. (2010). Recession and Work-Life Balance Initiatives. Romanian Journal Of Economic Forecasting, Research Summary: The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: Sabbatical leave dictionary definition | sabbatical leave defined. Yourdictionary.com.